Abstract: The term addiction, derived from a Latin word meaning ‘‘bound to’’ or ‘‘enslaved by,’’ was initially not linked to substance use. However, over the past several hundred years, addiction became associated with excessive alcohol and then drug use, such that by the late 1980s it was largely synonymous with compulsive drug use (O’Brien et al., 2006). The core features of addiction are manifest in the continued performance of the behavior despite adverse consequences, compulsive engagement or diminished control over the behavior, a...
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Neuroscience