Abstract: Highlights: • Invasive terrestrial invertebrates cost the global economy US$ 712.44 billion up to 2020. • These costs are rising and were mostly due to invasive insects (88%). • The highest costs were reported from North America (73% of the global costs). • These costs mainly resulted from direct resource damages and losses (75%). • Knowledge gaps imply that these costs are severely underestimated. Abstract: Invasive alien species (IAS) are a major driver of global biodiversity loss, hampering conservation efforts and disrupting ecosy...
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Topics: 
Ecology
Natural resource economics