Abstract: Political convergence in South America, experienced between 1998 and 2013, marked by a scenario of economic growth and a strong incentive on the part of South American governments to cooperate and form spaces for integration, did not result in the deepening of existing regional processes. This period, known as post-hegemonic regionalism, although sharing common goals and values, led to the creation of different institutions that expanded the regional fragmentation once they were unable to consolidate themselves in the face of other existing str...
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